head>
NHS Navigation 7 min read28 February 2026

Understanding NHS Referrals: A Patient's Guide

What is an NHS Referral?

When your GP thinks you need specialist care, they'll refer you to a hospital consultant or specialist service. Understanding this process helps you navigate it more effectively.

The Referral Process

1. Your GP Makes the Referral

After your consultation, your GP will send a referral letter to the specialist. This includes your symptoms, medical history, test results, and what they'd like the specialist to assess.

2. Choose and Book

Under NHS e-Referral Service, you have the right to choose which hospital or clinic you're referred to. Your GP should offer you a choice of at least 5 providers.

Top tip: Check waiting times at different hospitals — they can vary significantly.

3. Waiting Times

The NHS target is 18 weeks from referral to treatment. In practice, waits can be longer for some specialties.

You can check current waiting times at your chosen hospital on the NHS website.

4. Your Appointment

When you receive your appointment:

  • Confirm the date and time
  • Note what to bring (previous test results, medication list)
  • Prepare questions for the specialist
  • Arrange transport if needed

Your Rights

  • Right to choose your provider
  • 18-week target from referral to treatment
  • Right to information about waiting times
  • Right to a second opinion if you disagree with a diagnosis

If You're Waiting Too Long

  1. Contact the hospital's booking team
  2. Ask your GP to chase the referral
  3. Consider choosing a different provider
  4. Contact PALS (Patient Advice and Liaison Service) at the hospital
  5. Use Patient Ally to track and document your symptoms while waiting

This article is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice.

Need Help With Your Health?

Patient Ally can help you document symptoms, prepare for GP visits, and get educational health information.